| draft-krishnan-mip6-firewall-admin-02.txt | draft-krishnan-mip6-firewall-admin-03.txt | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Network Working Group S. Krishnan | Network Working Group S. Krishnan | |||
| Internet-Draft Ericsson | Internet-Draft Ericsson | |||
| Intended status: Informational N. Steinleitner | Intended status: Informational N. Steinleitner | |||
| Expires: May 21, 2008 University of Goettingen | Expires: August 27, 2008 University of Goettingen | |||
| Y. Qiu | Y. Qiu | |||
| Institute for Infocomm Research | Institute for Infocomm Research | |||
| November 18, 2007 | G. Bajko | |||
| Nokia | ||||
| February 24, 2008 | ||||
| Guidelines for firewall administrators regarding MIPv6 traffic | Guidelines for firewall administrators regarding MIPv6 traffic | |||
| draft-krishnan-mip6-firewall-admin-02 | draft-krishnan-mip6-firewall-admin-03 | |||
| Status of this Memo | Status of this Memo | |||
| By submitting this Internet-Draft, each author represents that any | By submitting this Internet-Draft, each author represents that any | |||
| applicable patent or other IPR claims of which he or she is aware | applicable patent or other IPR claims of which he or she is aware | |||
| have been or will be disclosed, and any of which he or she becomes | have been or will be disclosed, and any of which he or she becomes | |||
| aware will be disclosed, in accordance with Section 6 of BCP 79. | aware will be disclosed, in accordance with Section 6 of BCP 79. | |||
| Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering | Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering | |||
| Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups. Note that | Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups. Note that | |||
| skipping to change at page 1, line 37 | skipping to change at page 1, line 39 | |||
| and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any | and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any | |||
| time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference | time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference | |||
| material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." | material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." | |||
| The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at | The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at | |||
| http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt. | http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt. | |||
| The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at | The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at | |||
| http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html. | http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html. | |||
| This Internet-Draft will expire on May 21, 2008. | This Internet-Draft will expire on August 27, 2008. | |||
| Copyright Notice | Copyright Notice | |||
| Copyright (C) The IETF Trust (2007). | Copyright (C) The IETF Trust (2008). | |||
| Abstract | Abstract | |||
| This document presents some recommendations for firewall | This document presents some recommendations for firewall | |||
| administrators to help them configure their existing firewalls in a | administrators to help them configure their existing firewalls in a | |||
| way that allows in certain deployment scenarios the Mobile IPv6 | way that allows in certain deployment scenarios the Mobile IPv6 | |||
| signaling and data messages to pass through. For other scenarios, | signaling and data messages to pass through. For other scenarios, | |||
| the support of additional mechanisms to create pinholes required for | the support of additional mechanisms to create pinholes required for | |||
| MIPv6 will be necessary. This document assumes that the firewalls in | MIPv6 will be necessary. This document assumes that the firewalls in | |||
| question include some kind of stateful packet filtering capability. | question include some kind of stateful packet filtering capability. | |||
| Table of Contents | Table of Contents | |||
| 1. Requirements notation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 | 1. Requirements notation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 | |||
| 2. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 | 2. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 | |||
| 3. Home Agent behind a firewall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 | 3. Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 | |||
| 3.1. Signaling between the MN and the HA . . . . . . . . . . . 4 | 4. Home Agent behind a firewall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 | |||
| 3.2. IKEv2 signaling between MN and HA for establishing SAs . . 4 | 4.1. Signaling between the MN and the HA . . . . . . . . . . . 4 | |||
| 3.3. Data traffic from and to MN passing through the HA . . . . 4 | 4.2. IKEv2 signaling between MN and HA for establishing SAs . . 5 | |||
| 4. Correspondent Node behind a firewall . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 | 4.3. Data traffic from and to MN passing through the HA . . . . 5 | |||
| 4.1. Route optimization signaling between MN and CN through | 5. Correspondent Node behind a firewall . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 | |||
| HA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 | 5.1. Route optimization signaling between MN and CN through | |||
| 4.2. Route optimization signaling between MN and CN . . . . . . 5 | HA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 | |||
| 4.3. Binding Update from MN to CN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 | 5.2. Route optimization signaling between MN and CN . . . . . . 7 | |||
| 4.4. Route Optimization data traffic from MN . . . . . . . . . 6 | 5.3. Binding Update from MN to CN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 | |||
| 4.5. Bi-directional tunnelled data traffic from the MN to | 5.4. Route Optimization data traffic from MN . . . . . . . . . 7 | |||
| the CN through HA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 | 5.5. Bi-directional tunnelled data traffic from the MN to | |||
| 5. Mobile Node behind a firewall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 | the CN through HA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 | |||
| 5.1. Signaling between MN and HA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 | 6. Mobile Node behind a firewall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 | |||
| 5.2. Signaling between MN and CN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 | 6.1. Signaling between MN and HA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 | |||
| 5.3. IKEv2 signaling between MN and HA for establishing SAs . . 8 | 6.2. Signaling between MN and CN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 | |||
| 6. Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 | 6.3. IKEv2 signaling between MN and HA for establishing SAs . . 10 | |||
| 7. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 | 7. Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 | |||
| 8. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 | 8. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 | |||
| 9. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 | 9. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 | |||
| Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 | 10. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 | |||
| Intellectual Property and Copyright Statements . . . . . . . . . . 11 | Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 | |||
| Intellectual Property and Copyright Statements . . . . . . . . . . 13 | ||||
| 1. Requirements notation | 1. Requirements notation | |||
| The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", | The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", | |||
| "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this | "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this | |||
| document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119]. | document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119]. | |||
| 2. Introduction | 2. Introduction | |||
| Network elements such as firewalls are an integral aspect of a | Network elements such as firewalls are an integral aspect of a | |||
| majority of IP networks today, given the state of security in the | majority of IP networks today, given the state of security in the | |||
| Internet, threats, and vulnerabilities to data networks. MIPv6 | Internet, threats, and vulnerabilities to data networks. MIPv6 | |||
| [RFC3775] defines mobility support for IPv6 nodes. Since firewalls | [RFC3775] defines mobility support for IPv6 nodes. Firewalls will | |||
| are not aware of MIPv6 protocol details, they will probably interfere | interfere with the smooth operation of the MIPv6 protocol unless | |||
| with the smooth operation of the protocol. The problems caused by | specific steps are taken to allow Mobile IPv6 signaling and data | |||
| messages to pass through the firewall. The problems caused by | ||||
| firewalls to Mobile IPv6 are documented in [RFC4487]. | firewalls to Mobile IPv6 are documented in [RFC4487]. | |||
| This document presents some recommendations for firewall | This document presents some recommendations for firewall | |||
| administrators to help them configure their firewalls in a way that | administrators to help them configure their firewalls in a way that | |||
| allows the Mobile IPv6 signaling and data messages to pass through. | allows the Mobile IPv6 signaling and data messages to pass through. | |||
| This document assumes that the firewalls in question include some | This document assumes that the firewalls in question include some | |||
| kind of stateful packet filtering capability. The static rules that | kind of stateful packet filtering capability. The static rules that | |||
| need to be configured are described in this document. In some | need to be configured are described in this document. In some | |||
| scenarios, the support of additional mechanisms to create pinholes | scenarios, the support of additional mechanisms to create pinholes | |||
| required for MIPv6 signalling and data traffic to pass through will | required for MIPv6 signalling and data traffic to pass through will | |||
| be necessary. A possible solution, describing the dynamic | be necessary. A possible solution, describing the dynamic | |||
| capabilities needed for the firewalls to create pinholes based on | capabilities needed for the firewalls to create pinholes based on | |||
| MIPv6 signalling traffic is described in a companion document | MIPv6 signalling traffic is described in a companion document | |||
| [MIP6FWVENDOR]. Other solutions may also be possible. | [MIP6FWVENDOR]. Other solutions may also be possible. | |||
| 3. Home Agent behind a firewall | 3. Abbreviations | |||
| This document uses the following abbreviations: | ||||
| o CN: Correspondent Node | ||||
| o CoA: Care of Address | ||||
| o CoTI: Care of Test Init | ||||
| o HA: Home Agent | ||||
| o HoA: Home Address | ||||
| o HoTI: Home Test Init | ||||
| o HoT: Home Test | ||||
| o MN: Mobile Node | ||||
| o RO: Route Optimization | ||||
| o RRT: Return Routability Test | ||||
| 4. Home Agent behind a firewall | ||||
| This section presents the recommendations for configuring a firewall | This section presents the recommendations for configuring a firewall | |||
| that protects a home agent. For each type of traffic that needs to | that protects a home agent. | |||
| pass through this firewall, recommendations are presented on how to | ||||
| identify that traffic. The following types of traffic are considered | +----------------+ +---+ | |||
| | | | A | | ||||
| | | +---+ | ||||
| | +----+ | External | ||||
| | | HA | +----+ MN | ||||
| | +----+ | FW | +---+ | ||||
| | Home Agent +----+ | B | | ||||
| | of A | +---+ | ||||
| | | External | ||||
| | | Node | ||||
| +----------------+ | ||||
| Network protected | ||||
| by a firewall | ||||
| Figure 1: HA behind a firewall | ||||
| For each type of traffic that needs to pass through this firewall, | ||||
| recommendations are presented on how to identify that traffic. The | ||||
| following types of traffic are considered | ||||
| o Signaling between the MN and the HA | o Signaling between the MN and the HA | |||
| o IKEv2 signaling between MN and HA for establishing SAs | o IKEv2 signaling between MN and HA for establishing SAs | |||
| o Data traffic from and to MN passing through the HA | o Data traffic from and to MN passing through the HA | |||
| 3.1. Signaling between the MN and the HA | 4.1. Signaling between the MN and the HA | |||
| The signaling between the MN and HA is protected using IPSec ESP. | The signaling between the MN and HA is protected using IPSec ESP. | |||
| These messages are critical to the MIPv6 protocol and if these | These messages are critical to the MIPv6 protocol and if these | |||
| messages are discarded, Mobile IPv6 as specified today will cease to | messages are discarded, Mobile IPv6 as specified today will cease to | |||
| work. In order to permit these messages through, the firewall has to | work. In order to permit these messages through, the firewall has to | |||
| detect the messages using the following patterns. | detect the messages using the following patterns. | |||
| Destination Address: Address of HA | Destination Address: Address of HA | |||
| Next Header: 50 (ESP) | Next Header: 50 (ESP) | |||
| Mobility Header Type: 5 (BU) | Mobility Header Type: 5 (BU) | |||
| Destination Address: Address of HA | Destination Address: Address of HA | |||
| Next Header: 50 (ESP) | Next Header: 50 (ESP) | |||
| Mobility Header Type: 1 (HoTI) | Mobility Header Type: 1 (HoTI) | |||
| This pattern will allow the BU messages from MNs to HA to pass | This pattern will allow the BU messages from MNs to HA to pass | |||
| through. It will also allow the HoTI messages (related to route | through. It will also allow the HoTI messages (related to route | |||
| optimization) between the MN and the HA to pass through. | optimization) between the MN and the HA to pass through. | |||
| 3.2. IKEv2 signaling between MN and HA for establishing SAs | 4.2. IKEv2 signaling between MN and HA for establishing SAs | |||
| The MN and HA exchange IKEv2 signaling in order to establish the | The MN and HA exchange IKEv2 signaling in order to establish the | |||
| security associations. The security associations so established will | security associations. The security associations so established will | |||
| later be used for securing the mobility signaling messages. Hence | later be used for securing the mobility signaling messages. Hence | |||
| these messages need to be permitted to pass through the firewalls. | these messages need to be permitted to pass through the firewalls. | |||
| The following pattern will detect these messages. | The following pattern will detect these messages. | |||
| Destination Address: Address of HA | Destination Address: Address of HA | |||
| Transport Protocol: UDP | Transport Protocol: UDP | |||
| Destination UDP Port: 500 | Destination UDP Port: 500 | |||
| 3.3. Data traffic from and to MN passing through the HA | 4.3. Data traffic from and to MN passing through the HA | |||
| If a CN tries to initiate traffic to an MN, a stateful firewall would | If a CN tries to initiate traffic to an MN, a stateful firewall would | |||
| prevent these connection requests to pass through as there is no | prevent these connection requests to pass through as there is no | |||
| established state on the firewall. If this is necessary to do, the | established state on the firewall. If this is necessary to do, the | |||
| pattern to look for is | pattern to look for is | |||
| Destination Address: MN HoA | Destination Address: MN HoA | |||
| Allowing this traffic might allow any kind of traffic, including | Allowing this traffic might allow any kind of traffic, including | |||
| malicious traffic, to pass through unfiltered to the MN. This would | malicious traffic, to pass through unfiltered to the MN. This would | |||
| expose the MN to any type of possibly malicious traffic, resulting in | expose the MN to any type of possibly malicious traffic, resulting in | |||
| a denial of service or exploitation of known security | a denial of service or exploitation of known security | |||
| vulnerabilities. This practice is NOT RECOMMENDED. Instead, a | vulnerabilities. This practice is NOT RECOMMENDED. | |||
| dynamically created pinhole like the one specified in [MIP6FWVENDOR] | ||||
| can be used to allow this traffic. | ||||
| 4. Correspondent Node behind a firewall | 5. Correspondent Node behind a firewall | |||
| This section presents the recommendations for configuring a firewall | This section presents the recommendations for configuring a firewall | |||
| if a node behind it should be able to act as Mobile IPv6 CN. For | if a node behind it should be able to act as Mobile IPv6 CN. | |||
| each type of traffic that needs to pass through this firewall, | ||||
| +----------------+ +----+ | ||||
| | | | HA | | ||||
| | | +----+ | ||||
| | | Home Agent | ||||
| | +---+ +----+ of B | ||||
| | |CN | | FW | | ||||
| | | C | +----+ | ||||
| | +---+ | +---+ | ||||
| | | | B | | ||||
| | | +---+ | ||||
| +----------------+ External Mobile | ||||
| Network protected Node | ||||
| by a firewall | ||||
| Figure 2: CN behind a firewall | ||||
| For each type of traffic that needs to pass through this firewall, | ||||
| recommendations are presented on how to identify that traffic. The | recommendations are presented on how to identify that traffic. The | |||
| following types of traffic are considered | following types of traffic are considered | |||
| o Route optimization signaling between MN and CN through HA | o Route optimization signaling between MN and CN through HA | |||
| o Route optimization signaling between MN and CN | o Route optimization signaling between MN and CN | |||
| o Binding Update from MN to CN | o Binding Update from MN to CN | |||
| o Route Optimization data traffic from MN | o Route Optimization data traffic from MN | |||
| o Bi-directional tunnelled data traffic from the MN to the CN | o Bi-directional tunnelled data traffic from the MN to the CN | |||
| through HA | through HA | |||
| 4.1. Route optimization signaling between MN and CN through HA | 5.1. Route optimization signaling between MN and CN through HA | |||
| Parts of the initial route optimization signaling has to pass through | Parts of the initial route optimization signaling has to pass through | |||
| the HA, namely the HoTI and the HoT messages. Without assistance, | the HA, namely the HoTI and the HoT messages. Without assistance, | |||
| the HoTI message from the HA to the CN is not able to traverse the | the HoTI message from the HA to the CN is not able to traverse the | |||
| firewall. The following pattern will allow these messages to | firewall. The following pattern will allow these messages to | |||
| traverse. | traverse. | |||
| Destination Address: CN Address | Destination Address: CN Address | |||
| Mobility Header Type: 1 | Mobility Header Type: 1 | |||
| This pinhole allows the HoTI message from the HA to the CN to | This pinhole allows the HoTI message from the HA to the CN to | |||
| traverse the firewall. The HoT message from the CN to the MN through | traverse the firewall. The HoT message from the CN to the MN through | |||
| the HA can traverse the firewall without any assistance. Hence no | the HA can traverse the firewall without any assistance. Hence no | |||
| pinhole is required. | pinhole is required. | |||
| 4.2. Route optimization signaling between MN and CN | 5.2. Route optimization signaling between MN and CN | |||
| Route Optimization allows direct communication of data packets | Route Optimization allows direct communication of data packets | |||
| between the MN and a CN without tunnelling it back through the HA. | between the MN and a CN without tunnelling it back through the HA. | |||
| To get route optimization work, the MN has to send a CoTI message | To get route optimization work, the MN has to send a CoTI message | |||
| directly to the CN, which response with a CoT message. However, a | directly to the CN, which response with a CoT message. However, a | |||
| stateful firewall would prevent the CoTI message to pass through as | stateful firewall would prevent the CoTI message to pass through as | |||
| there is no established state on the firewall. The following pinhole | there is no established state on the firewall. The following pinhole | |||
| will allow the CoTI message to traverse. | will allow the CoTI message to traverse. | |||
| Destination Address: CN Address | Destination Address: CN Address | |||
| Mobility Header Type: 2 | Mobility Header Type: 2 | |||
| The CoT message from the CN to the MN can traverse the firewall | The CoT message from the CN to the MN can traverse the firewall | |||
| without any assistance. Hence no pinhole is required. | without any assistance. Hence no pinhole is required. | |||
| 4.3. Binding Update from MN to CN | 5.3. Binding Update from MN to CN | |||
| After successfully performing the return routability procedure, the | After successfully performing the return routability procedure, the | |||
| MN sends the BU to the CN and expects the BA. Since this BU does not | MN sends the BU to the CN and expects the BA. Since this BU does not | |||
| match any previous installed pinhole rules, an additional pinhole | match any previous installed pinhole rules, an additional pinhole | |||
| with the following format is required. | with the following format is required. | |||
| Destination Address: CN Address | Destination Address: CN Address | |||
| Mobility Header Type: 5 | Mobility Header Type: 5 | |||
| This allows the BU to traverse the firewall and the BA can pass the | This allows the BU to traverse the firewall and the BA can pass the | |||
| firewall without any assistance. Therefore, the Binding Update | firewall without any assistance. Therefore, the Binding Update | |||
| sequence can be performed successfully. | sequence can be performed successfully. | |||
| 4.4. Route Optimization data traffic from MN | 5.4. Route Optimization data traffic from MN | |||
| Also the Route Optimization data traffic from MN directly to the CN | Also the Route Optimization data traffic from MN directly to the CN | |||
| can not traverse the firewall without assistance. A dynamically | can not traverse the firewall without assistance. A dynamically | |||
| created pinhole such as the one specified in [MIP6FWVENDOR] will | created pinhole such as the one specified in [MIP6FWVENDOR] will | |||
| allow this traffic to pass. | allow this traffic to pass. | |||
| 4.5. Bi-directional tunnelled data traffic from the MN to the CN | 5.5. Bi-directional tunnelled data traffic from the MN to the CN | |||
| through HA | through HA | |||
| If a MN tries to initiate traffic to a CN through the HA using bi- | If a MN tries to initiate traffic to a CN through the HA using bi- | |||
| directional tunnelling, a stateful firewall would prevent these | directional tunnelling, a stateful firewall would prevent these | |||
| connection requests to pass through as there is no established state | connection requests to pass through as there is no established state | |||
| on the firewall. This is usually a problem as CNs often provide | on the firewall. This is usually a problem as CNs often provide | |||
| services. A solution is to static configure the firewall to let this | services. A solution is to static configure the firewall to let this | |||
| traffic pass through. However, this is only an acceptable option if | traffic pass through. However, this is only an acceptable option if | |||
| it is not necessary to open an all-embracing pinhole, e.g. if the | it is not necessary to open an all-embracing pinhole, e.g. if the | |||
| destination ports are well-known. In this case, the pinhole has to | destination ports are well-known. In this case, the pinhole has to | |||
| skipping to change at page 7, line 11 | skipping to change at page 8, line 21 | |||
| If the ports are unknown, it is necessary to install a pinhole with | If the ports are unknown, it is necessary to install a pinhole with | |||
| only the Destination Address as pattern. Allowing this traffic might | only the Destination Address as pattern. Allowing this traffic might | |||
| allow any kind of traffic, including malicious traffic, to traverse | allow any kind of traffic, including malicious traffic, to traverse | |||
| to the CN. Allowing this traffic might allow any kind of traffic, | to the CN. Allowing this traffic might allow any kind of traffic, | |||
| including malicious traffic, to pass through unfiltered to the CN. | including malicious traffic, to pass through unfiltered to the CN. | |||
| This would expose the CN to any type of possibly malicious traffic, | This would expose the CN to any type of possibly malicious traffic, | |||
| resulting in a denial of service or exploitation of known security | resulting in a denial of service or exploitation of known security | |||
| vulnerabilities. This practice is NOT RECOMMENDED. | vulnerabilities. This practice is NOT RECOMMENDED. | |||
| 5. Mobile Node behind a firewall | 6. Mobile Node behind a firewall | |||
| This section presents the recommendations for configuring a firewall | This section presents the recommendations for configuring a firewall | |||
| that protects the network a mobile node visiting. For each type of | that protects the network a mobile node visiting. | |||
| traffic that needs to pass through this firewall, recommendations are | ||||
| presented on how to identify that traffic. The following types of | +----------------+ +----+ | |||
| traffic are considered | | | | HA | | |||
| | | +----+ | ||||
| | | Home Agent | ||||
| | +---+ +----+ of A +---+ | ||||
| | | A | | FW | | B | | ||||
| | +---+ +----+ +---+ | ||||
| |Internal | External | ||||
| | MN | Node | ||||
| | | | ||||
| +----------------+ | ||||
| Network protected | ||||
| by a firewall | ||||
| Figure 3: MN behind a firewall | ||||
| For each type of traffic that needs to pass through this firewall, | ||||
| recommendations are presented on how to identify that traffic. The | ||||
| following types of traffic are considered | ||||
| o Signaling between MN and HA | o Signaling between MN and HA | |||
| o Route Optimization Signaling between MN and CN | o Route Optimization Signaling between MN and CN | |||
| o IKEv2 signaling between MN and HA for establishing SAs | o IKEv2 signaling between MN and HA for establishing SAs | |||
| 5.1. Signaling between MN and HA | 6.1. Signaling between MN and HA | |||
| As described in Section 3.1, the signaling between the MN and HA is | As described in Section 4.1, the signaling between the MN and HA is | |||
| protected using IPSec ESP. Currently, a lot of firewalls are | protected using IPSec ESP. Currently, a lot of firewalls are | |||
| configured to block the incoming ESP packets. Moreover, from the | configured to block the incoming ESP packets. Moreover, from the | |||
| view of the firewall, both source and destination addresses of these | view of the firewall, both source and destination addresses of these | |||
| messages from/to mobile node are variable. Fortunately, for a | messages from/to mobile node are variable. Fortunately, for a | |||
| stateful firewall, if the initial traffic is allowed through the | stateful firewall, if the initial traffic is allowed through the | |||
| firewall, then the return traffic is also allowed. A mobile node is | firewall, then the return traffic is also allowed. A mobile node is | |||
| always the initiator for the BU. Since MN's CoA is not able to be | always the initiator for the BU. Since MN's CoA is not able to be | |||
| known in advance, the firewall can use following patterns to permit | known in advance, the firewall can use following patterns to permit | |||
| these messages through. | these messages through. | |||
| skipping to change at page 8, line 7 | skipping to change at page 9, line 35 | |||
| Source Address: Visited subnet prefix | Source Address: Visited subnet prefix | |||
| Destination Address: Address of HA | Destination Address: Address of HA | |||
| Next Header: 50 (ESP) | Next Header: 50 (ESP) | |||
| Mobility Header Type: 5 (BU) | Mobility Header Type: 5 (BU) | |||
| This pattern will allow the initial packets (e.g. BU from MNs to HA, | This pattern will allow the initial packets (e.g. BU from MNs to HA, | |||
| HoTI, etc.) to pass through the firewall. Then the return packets | HoTI, etc.) to pass through the firewall. Then the return packets | |||
| (BA from HA to MN, HoT) is also able to pass through accordingly. | (BA from HA to MN, HoT) is also able to pass through accordingly. | |||
| 5.2. Signaling between MN and CN | 6.2. Signaling between MN and CN | |||
| Route Optimization allows direct communication of data packets | Route Optimization allows direct communication of data packets | |||
| between the MN and a CN without tunneling it back through the HA. It | between the MN and a CN without tunneling it back through the HA. It | |||
| includes 3 pairs of messages: HoTI/HoT, CoTI/CoT and BU/BA. The | includes 3 pairs of messages: HoTI/HoT, CoTI/CoT and BU/BA. The | |||
| first pair can pass through the firewall using the pattern described | first pair can pass through the firewall using the pattern described | |||
| in section 5.1. Here we discuss CoTI/CoT and BU/BA messages. | in section 5.1. Here we discuss CoTI/CoT and BU/BA messages. | |||
| Following pattern permits these messages through the firewall. | Following pattern permits these messages through the firewall. | |||
| Source Address: Visited subnet prefix | Source Address: Visited subnet prefix | |||
| Mobility Header Type: 2 (CoTI) | Mobility Header Type: 2 (CoTI) | |||
| Source Address: Visited subnet prefix | Source Address: Visited subnet prefix | |||
| Mobility Header Type: 5 (BU) | Mobility Header Type: 5 (BU) | |||
| This pattern allows the initial messages (CoTI and BU) from the MN to | This pattern allows the initial messages (CoTI and BU) from the MN to | |||
| the CN pass through the firewall. The return messages (CoT and BA) | the CN pass through the firewall. The return messages (CoT and BA) | |||
| from the CN to the MN can also passes through the firewall | from the CN to the MN can also passes through the firewall | |||
| accordingly. | accordingly. | |||
| 5.3. IKEv2 signaling between MN and HA for establishing SAs | 6.3. IKEv2 signaling between MN and HA for establishing SAs | |||
| The MN and HA exchange IKEv2 signaling in order to establish the | The MN and HA exchange IKEv2 signaling in order to establish the | |||
| security associations. The security associations so established will | security associations. The security associations so established will | |||
| later be used for securing the mobility signaling messages. Due to | later be used for securing the mobility signaling messages. Due to | |||
| variable source/destination IP addresses and MN always as initiator, | variable source/destination IP addresses and MN always as initiator, | |||
| the following pattern will let the negotiation pass. | the following pattern will let the negotiation pass. | |||
| Source Address: Visited subnet prefix | Source Address: Visited subnet prefix | |||
| Transport Protocol: UDP | Transport Protocol: UDP | |||
| Destination UDP Port: 500 | Destination UDP Port: 500 | |||
| 6. Contributors | 7. Contributors | |||
| This document is one of the deliverables of the MIPv6 firewall | This document is one of the deliverables of the MIPv6 firewall | |||
| design. The following members of the team were involved in the | design. The following members of the team were involved in the | |||
| creation of this document. | creation of this document. | |||
| Hannes Tschofenig Hannes.Tschofenig@gmx.net | Hannes Tschofenig Hannes.Tschofenig@gmx.net | |||
| Gabor Bajko Gabor.Bajko@nokia.com | Gabor Bajko Gabor.Bajko@nokia.com | |||
| Suresh Krishnan suresh.krishnan@ericsson.com | Suresh Krishnan suresh.krishnan@ericsson.com | |||
| skipping to change at page 9, line 14 | skipping to change at page 10, line 41 | |||
| Hesham Soliman solimanhs@gmail.com | Hesham Soliman solimanhs@gmail.com | |||
| Yaron Sheffer yaronf@checkpoint.com | Yaron Sheffer yaronf@checkpoint.com | |||
| Qiu Ying qiuying@i2r.a-star.edu.sg | Qiu Ying qiuying@i2r.a-star.edu.sg | |||
| Niklas Steinleitner steinleitner@cs.uni-goettingen.de | Niklas Steinleitner steinleitner@cs.uni-goettingen.de | |||
| Vijay Devarapalli vijay.devarapalli@AzaireNet.com | Vijay Devarapalli vijay.devarapalli@AzaireNet.com | |||
| 7. IANA Considerations | 8. IANA Considerations | |||
| This document does not require any IANA action. | This document does not require any IANA action. | |||
| 8. Security Considerations | 9. Security Considerations | |||
| This document specifies recommendations for firewall administrators | This document specifies recommendations for firewall administrators | |||
| to allow Mobile IPv6 traffic to pass through unhindered. Since some | to allow Mobile IPv6 traffic to pass through unhindered. Since some | |||
| of this traffic is encrypted it is not possible for firewalls to | of this traffic is encrypted it is not possible for firewalls to | |||
| discern whether it is safe or not. This document recommends a | discern whether it is safe or not. This document recommends a | |||
| liberal setting so that all legitimate traffic can pass. This means | liberal setting so that all legitimate traffic can pass. This means | |||
| that some malicious traffic may be permitted by these rules. These | that some malicious traffic may be permitted by these rules. These | |||
| rules may allow the initiation of Denial of Service attacks against | rules may allow the initiation of Denial of Service attacks against | |||
| Mobile IPv6 capable nodes (the MNs, CNs and the HAs). Especially the | Mobile IPv6 capable nodes (the MNs, CNs and the HAs). Especially the | |||
| rules specified in Section 3.3 and Section 4.5 are broadly defined | rules specified in Section 4.3 and Section 5.5 are broadly defined | |||
| and hence possess the most potential for abuse. Hence, if these | and hence possess the most potential for abuse. Hence, if these | |||
| rules are implemented, the firewalls SHOULD be configured to rate- | rules are implemented, the firewalls SHOULD be configured to rate- | |||
| limit such traffic on a per-destination basis. This would allow the | limit such traffic on a per-destination basis. This would allow the | |||
| firewall to mitigate possible denial of service attacks on the | firewall to mitigate possible denial of service attacks on the | |||
| endpoints. Please note that such measures would not mitigate other | endpoints. Please note that such measures would not mitigate other | |||
| potential security issues. | potential security issues. | |||
| 9. Normative References | 10. Normative References | |||
| [MIP6FWVENDOR] | [MIP6FWVENDOR] | |||
| Krishnan, S., "Guidelines for firewall vendors regarding | Krishnan, S., "Guidelines for firewall vendors regarding | |||
| MIPv6 traffic", draft-krishnan-mip6-firewall-vendor-01 | MIPv6 traffic", draft-krishnan-mip6-firewall-vendor-01 | |||
| (work in progress), November 2007. | (work in progress), November 2007. | |||
| [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate | [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate | |||
| Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997. | Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997. | |||
| [RFC3775] Johnson, D., Perkins, C., and J. Arkko, "Mobility Support | [RFC3775] Johnson, D., Perkins, C., and J. Arkko, "Mobility Support | |||
| skipping to change at page 11, line 5 | skipping to change at page 12, line 20 | |||
| Email: steinleitner@cs.uni-goettingen.de | Email: steinleitner@cs.uni-goettingen.de | |||
| Ying Qiu | Ying Qiu | |||
| Institute for Infocomm Research | Institute for Infocomm Research | |||
| 21 Heng Mui Keng Terrace | 21 Heng Mui Keng Terrace | |||
| Singapore | Singapore | |||
| Phone: +65-6874-6742 | Phone: +65-6874-6742 | |||
| Email: qiuying@i2r.a-star.edu.sg | Email: qiuying@i2r.a-star.edu.sg | |||
| Gabor Bajko | ||||
| Nokia | ||||
| Email: gabor.bajko@nokia.com | ||||
| Full Copyright Statement | Full Copyright Statement | |||
| Copyright (C) The IETF Trust (2007). | Copyright (C) The IETF Trust (2008). | |||
| This document is subject to the rights, licenses and restrictions | This document is subject to the rights, licenses and restrictions | |||
| contained in BCP 78, and except as set forth therein, the authors | contained in BCP 78, and except as set forth therein, the authors | |||
| retain all their rights. | retain all their rights. | |||
| This document and the information contained herein are provided on an | This document and the information contained herein are provided on an | |||
| "AS IS" basis and THE CONTRIBUTOR, THE ORGANIZATION HE/SHE REPRESENTS | "AS IS" basis and THE CONTRIBUTOR, THE ORGANIZATION HE/SHE REPRESENTS | |||
| OR IS SPONSORED BY (IF ANY), THE INTERNET SOCIETY, THE IETF TRUST AND | OR IS SPONSORED BY (IF ANY), THE INTERNET SOCIETY, THE IETF TRUST AND | |||
| THE INTERNET ENGINEERING TASK FORCE DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS | THE INTERNET ENGINEERING TASK FORCE DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS | |||
| OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF | OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF | |||
| End of changes. 34 change blocks. | ||||
| 64 lines changed or deleted | 145 lines changed or added | |||
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