An incompete collection of papers on soft state protocols

RFCs using soft state:

On RSVP design principles:

[Clark88] D. D. Clark. The Design Philosophy of the DARPA Internet Protocols, SIGCOMM’98, Stanford, CA, Aug 1988. (First paper about the "soft state" notion for end-to-end communications)

[Zhang93] L. Zhang, S. Deering, D. Estrin, S. Shenker, and D. Zappala. RSVP: A New Resource ReSerVation Protocol. IEEE Network, Sept 1993. (Traditional paper described the RSVP design)

[Mitzel94] D. Mitzel, D. Estrin, S. Shenker, and L. Zhang, An Architectural Comparison of ST-II and RSVP. INFOCOM 1994.

[Shenker95] S. Shenker and L. Breslau, Two Issues in Reservation Establishment, SIGCOMM '95. (Proposed OWPA and delay terms C/D).

[Braden96] R. Braden, D. Estrin, S. Berson, S. Herzog, and D. Zappala, The Design of the RSVP Protocol, ISI Final Technical Report, July 1996. (A summary about RSVP's main design choices)

[Wang99] Lan Wang, Andreas Terzis, and Lixia Zhang, A New Proposal for RSVP Refreshes, ICNP'99.

[Tommasi00] F. Tommasi, S. Molendini: Integrated Services and Differentiated Services: a Fuctional Comparison, IEEE SOFTCOM2000, 10-14 October 2000, Split, Croatia.

[Hwang01] Suntae Hwang, Bongsik Yoon, An Adaptive and Dynamic Timer Design to Maintain Soft State in RSVP. ICPADS'01.

[Kim03] Kim, Hak J. and Weiss, Martin B.H. “The Principle of Modularity to the Internet QoS Service Model Design,” In: Bohlin, E., Levin, S., Sung, N., and Yoon, C. (Eds.), Global Economy and Digital Society, Amsterdam: Elsevier Science, 2003. (focus on modularizing QoS models)

[Mathy99] Laurent Mathy, David Hutchison, Stefan Schmid, Steven Simpson, REDO RSVP: Efficient Signalling for Multimedia in the Internet, IDMS 1999.

[Komolafe04] O. Komolafe, J. Sventek: An Evaluation of RSVP Control Message Delivery Mechanisms. Proc. IEEE HPSR, Phoenix, Arizona, USA, April 2004

ISI collection of RSVP papers

Ping Pan's paper collection on RSVP scalability/overhead, including eg.,

Staged Refresh Timers for RSVP, P. Pan, and H. Schulzrinne, Global Internet'97. (proposed more proactive refreshes which later became part of RFC2961)
Aggregation of Internet Integrated Services State, S. Berson and S. Vincent, IWQoS'98.
Aggregating Resource Reservation Over Multiple Routing Domains, O. Schelen and Steve Pink, IWQoS'98.

On RSVP formal specification/modeling:

[Geppert96] B. Geppert, F. Rößler, Pattern-based Configuring of a Customized Resource Reservation Protocol with SDL. SFB 501 Report 19/1996, Uni Kaiserslautern.

[Chakravorty00] Chakravorty, R. and Kar, S. and Farjami, P., Performance Evaluation of the Scalability Effects on Control-Plane Signaling in Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP), Proc. ICACT-2000 - 2nd International Conference on Advanced Communications Technology, 2000.

[Huang05b] Y. Huang, D. Miras, S. N. Bhatti. Model Based Analysis of Soft State Signaling Protocols, Proc. LCS2005 - London Communications Symposium 2005 08-09 September 2005.

[Villapol00] Villapol, M.E.; Billington, J.: Modelling and Initial Analysis of the Resource Reservation Protocol using Coloured Petri Nets. In: Jensen, K.: DAIMI PB, No. 547: Workshop Proceedings Practical Use of High-level Petri Nets, pages 91-110. University of Aarhus, Department of Computer Science, June 2000.
[Villapol01] M. Villapol and J. Billington. Generation of a Service Language for the Resource Reservation Protocol Using Formal Methods. In Proc. 11th Annual International Symposium of the International Council of Systems Engineering (INCOSE 2001), Melbourne, Australia, 1-5 July 2001.

[Song02] X. Song, Specification and Validation of the Common Signaling Transport Protocol in SDL. Master thesis, Dept of Computer Science, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada, 2002. (Specified and fixed a few bugs for the CSTP spec of B. Braden's "two-level" draft)

[Blanco03] M. E. V. Blanco, Modelling and Analysis of the Resource Reservation Protocol Using Coloured Petri Nets, Ph.D. thesis, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, University of South Australia, 2003.

[Villapol03] María E. Villapol, Jonathan Billington: Analysing Properties of the Resource Reservation Protocol. ICATPN 2003: 377-396.

[Fu05] X. Fu and D. Hogrefe, Modeling Soft State Protocols with SDL , Networking 2005, LNCS 3462.

[Werner05] C. Werner, X. Fu and D. Hogrefe, Modeling Route Change in Soft State Signaling Protocols Using SDL: a Case of RSVP, SDL 2005, LNCS 3530.

On RSVP implementations/simulations:

[Chiueh99] T. Chiueh, A. Neogi, and P. Stirpe, Performance Analysis of An RSVP-Capable Router, IEEE Network, Special Issue on Integrated and Differentiated Services, Sept 1999.

[Terzis99] A. Terzis, J. Ogawa, S. Tsui, L. Wang, L. Zhang, “A Prototype Implementation of the Two-Tier Architecture for Differentiated Services". RTAS99, Vancouver, Canada.

[Zhang00] Peng Zhang, Raimo Kantola, Zhansong Ma, DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A NEW ROUTING SIMULATOR, SPECTS'00. (QoS routing simulator based on routing simulator MaRS, including RSVP)

[Terzis00] Andreas Terzis, Konstantinos Nikoloudakis, Lan Wang, Lixia Zhang, "IRLSim: A general purpose packet level network simulator", to appear in 33rd Annual Simulation Symposium, Washington D.C., April 16-20, 2000.

[Karsten01] M. Karsten, J. Schmitt, and R. Steinmetz. Implementation and Evaluation of the KOM RSVP Engine. INFOCOM 2001.

[Tommasi03] F. Tommasi, S. Molendini, S. Zacchino, Measurements of the performance of the RSVP protocol, Proceedings of the Workshop on Architectures for Quality of Service in the Internet Art-QoS 2003, 24-25 March, 2003, Warsaw, Poland. (Tested performance of ISI implementation)

[RSVPImplSurvey] A Survey of RSVP/QoS Implementations, 1998

[GMU] GMU's OPNET simulation model code for RSVP and others

[Greis] Marc Greis' RSVP NS simulator

On soft state concept and applications:

[SRM] S. Floyd, V. Jacobson, S. McCanne, C.-G. Liu, and L. Zhang. A reliable multicast framework for light-weight sessions and applications level framing. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, 5(6): 784-803, 1995. (another soft state protocol)

[Chiang97] Ching-Chuan Chiang, Mario Gerla, and Lixia Zhang, Shared Tree Wireless Network Multicast, IC3N'97. (presented a multicast protocol using shared tree, compared between soft state and hard state)

[Sharma97] P. Sharma, D. Estrin, S. Floyd, and V. Jacobsony, Scalable Timers for Soft State Protocols. INFOCOM 1997.

[Raman99] S. Raman and S. McCanne, A Model, Analysis, and Protocol Framework for Soft State-based Communication. SIGCOMM 1999.

[Stoica99] Ion Stoica and Hui Zhang, Providing Guaranteed Services Without Per Flow Management, SIGCOMM'99. (DPS)

[Sofia02] R. Sofia, R. Guerin, and P. Veiga, "An Investigation of Inter-Domain Control Aggregation Procedures", International Conference on Networking Protocols, ICNP'02, Paris, France, November 2002.

[Kurose03] J. Kurose, Plenary speech at FCRC 2003. (talked about soft state fundemantals, some preliminary results of [Ji03])

[Ji03] P. Ji, Z. Ge, J. Kurose, and D. Towsley, A Comparison of Hard-state and Soft-state Signaling Protocols. SIGCOMM 2003. (slides)

[Lui04] John C. S. Lui, Vishal Misra, Dan Rubenstein: On the Robustness of Soft State Protocols. ICNP 2004.

[Xu03] Z. Xu, C. Tang, and Z. Zhang, Building Topology-Aware Overlays Using Global Soft-State, ICDCS'03.

[Weatherspoon02] Hakim Weatherspoon and John D. Kubiatowicz, Efficient Heartbeats and Repair of Softstate in Decentralized Object Location and Routing Systems, SIGOPS EW 2002. (Describes automatic fault detection and repair techniques using decentralized object location and routing (DOLR) in p2p networks for efficient heartbeats and continuous system repair).

[Huang05a] Y. Huang, S. N. Bhatti, Resilient State Management in Large Scale Networks, Proc. IWQoS 2005 - 13th International Workshop on Quality of Service 2005 , Passau, Germany 21-23 June 2005

[Ooi00] Wei Tsang Ooi and Robbert van Renesse, An Adaptive Protocol for Locating Programmable Media Gateways, ACM MM'00. (Presented an AGLP protocol to distribute computations between gateways for multimedia-streams, uses soft state).

[Candea01] George Candea and Armando Fox, Designing for High Availability and Measurability, EASY'01.
[Candea04] George Candea, James Cutler, Armando Fox, Improving Availability with Recursive Microreboots: A Soft-State System Case Study. Performance Evaluation, 56(1-4):213-248, 2004.

[Silaghi04] Silaghi, B. Gopalakrishnan, V. Bhattacharjee, B. and Keleher, P., Hierarchical routing with soft-state replicas in TerraDir, IPDPS 2004.

[Zhu02] Feng Zhu, Matt Mutka, and Lionel Ni, Classification of Service Discovery in Pervasive Computing Environments, MSU-CSE-02-24, Michigan State University, EastLansing, 2002.
[Li02] Guangzhi Li, Jennifer Yates, Dongmei Wang, and Charles Kalmanek, Control Plane Design for Reliable Optical Networks, IEEE Communications Magazine, 40(2): 90-96, Feb 2002. (a few issues with optical network control plane design and implementation)

[Chandy98] K. Mani Chandy, Adam Rifkin, and Eve Schooler, Using Announce-Listen with Global Events to Develop Distributed Control Systems, ACM 1998 Workshop on Java for High-Performance Network Computing. (A concept paper on distributed resource control system using soft state).

[Ripeanu02] Matei Ripeanu and Ian Foster, A Decentralized, Adaptive, Replica Location Service, HPDC 2002. (describes a decentralized, adaptable mechanism for replica location over distributed systems; it uses soft state to decouple node state and achieve robustness)

[Papadopoulos98] Christos Papadopoulos, Guru Parulkar and George Varghese, An Error Control Scheme for Large-Scale Multicast Applications, Infocom 98. (presented an extension to IP multicast model with local recovery, by introducing two IP options)

Improvements for RSVP:

A. Terzis, M. Srivastava, L. Zhang, A Simple QoS Signaling Protocol for Mobile Hosts in the Integrated Services Internet, Infocom'99. (use RSVP tunneling to support mobile IP QoS signaling).

L. Mathy, D. Hutchison, S. Schmid, and G. Coulson, Improving RSVP for Better Support of Internet Multimedia Communications, ICMCS'99.

Utz Roedig, Manuel Görtz, Martin Karsten, Ralf Steinmetz, RSVP as a Firewall Signaling Protocol, IEEE ISCC'01

...many more literatures besides 30+ RFCs and numerous I-Ds...

Protocols after RSVP

[Pan98] Ping Pan and Henning Schulzrinne. YESSIR: A Simple Reservation Mechanism for the Internet. NOSSDAV'98.

[Almesberger98] W. Almesberger, T. Ferrari and J.-Y. Le Boudec, SRP: a Scalable Resource Reservation Protocol for the Internet, IWQoS'98.

[Eriksson98] A. Eriksson and C. Gehrmann, Robust and secure light-weight resource reservation for unicast IP traffic. IWQoS'98 (position paper).

[Adiseshu98] Hari Adiseshu, Guru Parulkar, and Raj Yavatkar, A State Management Protocol for IntServ, DiffServ and Label Switching, ICNP'98. (Proposed a SSP protocol for managing state in various occassions such as IntServ, DiffServ, MPLS; implemented in NetBSD)

[Chandra99] Prashant Chandra, Allan Fisher and Peter Steenkiste, A Signaling Protocol for Structured Resource Allocation, INFOCOM'99. (Beagle: a QoS signaling for application-aware network).

[Pan99] P. Pan and H. Schulzrinne, YESSIR - A Simple Reservation Mechanism for the Internet. CCR, April 1999.

[Fehler99] G. Feher, K. Nemeth, M. Maliosz, I. Cselenyi, J. Bergkvist, D. Ahlard, T. Engborg, "Boomerang A Simple Protocol for Resource Reservation in IP Networks", IEEE RTAS, 1999. (proposed a reservation across traffic conditioners, with optional support for aggregation)

[Schuett01] Angela Schuett, Suchitra Raman, Yatin Chawathe, Steven McCanne, Randy Katz, A Soft State Protocol for Accessing Multimedia Archives, NOSSDAV'01.

[Fehler02] G. Feher, K. Nemeth, I. Cselenyi, Performance evaluation framework for IP resource reservation signalling, Performance Evaluation, 48(4), 2002. (compares Boomerung with RSVP)
[Wang02] Haobo Wang, Malathi Veeraraghavan and Ramesh Karri, A hardware implementation of a signaling protocol, in Proc. of Opticomm 2002, July 29-Aug. 2, 2002, Boston, MA. (Implemented a self-defined signaling protocol in FPGA)

[Ossipov02] Evgueni Ossipov and Gunnar Karlsson, SOS: Sender Oriented Signaling for a Simplified Guaranteed Service, QofIS 2002.

[Sofia03] Rute Sofia, Roch Guérin, Pedro Veiga, SICAP, A Shared-segment Inter-domain Control Aggregation Protocol, HPSR'03.

[Bless02] R. Bless, "Dynamic Aggregation of Reservations for Internet Services", Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Telecommunication Systems - Modeling and Analysis (ICTSM 10), Vol. 1, pp. 26-38, October 3-6 2002.

[Pan00] P. Pan, E, Hahne, and H. Schulzrinne, BGRP: A Tree-Based Aggregation Protocol for Inter-domain Reservations, Journal of Communications and Networks, Vol. 2, No. 2, June 2000, pp. 157-167.

[Li98] A Provider Architecture for Differentiated Services and Traffic Engineering (PASTE), T. Li, and Y. Rekhter, RFC2430.

[Schulzrinne03a] H. Schulzrinne, X. Fu, C. Pampu, and C. Kappler, Design of CASP – a Technology Independent Lightweight Signaling Protocol. IPS 2003, Salzburg, Austria, Feb 2003.

[Fu04] X. Fu, D. Hogrefe and S. Willert, "Implementation and Evaluation of the Cross-Application Signaling Protocol (CASP)", ICNP, Oct 2004.

[Fu05a] X. Fu, H. Schulzrinne, A. Bader, D. Hogrefe, C. Kappler, G. Karagiannis, H. Tschofenig, and S. Van den Bosch, NSIS: A New Extensible IP Signaling Protocol Suite, IEEE Communications Magazine, Oct 2005.

[Fu06] X. Fu, H. Schulzrinne, H. Tschofenig, C. Dickmann and D. Hogrefe, Overhead and Performance Study of the General Internet Signaling Transport (GIST) Protocol , INFOCOM 2006.

... many more literatures besides numerous I-Ds

Beyond soft state:

[Ling04] Benjamin C. Ling, Emre Kıcıman and Armando Fox, Session State: Beyond Soft State, NSDI'04.

Others:

Here are somewhat related work:

[SS7] Signaling System SS7(a hard state protocol)

[Q2931b] Q2931. ITU-T Recommendation. (a hard state protocol)

[ATM-UNI] UNI 4.0, ATM Forum. (a hard state protocol)

[ST-II] L. Delgrossi and L. Berger, Internet Stream Protocol Version 2 (ST2) Protocol Specification - Version ST2+, RFC 1819, Aug 1995. (a hard state protocol)

[CBT] A. Ballardie, Core Based Trees (CBT version 2) Multicast Routing -- Protocol Specification, RFC 2189, Sept 1997. (a hard state protocol)

[LDP] Label Distribution Protocol, RFC 3036, RFC 3212 (CR-LDP). (another "hard state" protocol)

[GSMP] General Switch Management Protocol (GSMP) V3, RFC3292 (switch state configuration protocol)

[Banerjea96] Anindo Banerjea, Domenico Ferrari, Bruce A. Mah, Mark Moran, Dinesh C. Verma, and Hui Zhang, The Tenet Real-Time Protocol Suite: Design, Implementation, and Experiences, TON 1996. (Tenet, a hard state protocol)

[Anderson90] David P. Anderson, Ralf G Herriwich and Carl Schaefer, SRP: A Resource Reservation Protocol for Guaranteed-Performance, Technical Report CSD-90-562, UC Berkeley, 1990. (Early work on reservation protocols)

[Calvert93] K. Calvert, Beyond Layering: Modularity Considerations for Protocol Architectures, ICNP'93. (Nice paper on general protocol modularity)

[Perlman98] R. Perlman, Folklore of Protocol Design. Internet draft (draft-iab-perlman-folklore-00.txt), work in progress, Jan 1998. (Summarize issues like robustness in general)

[Moors98] T. Moors, Protocol Organs: Modularity should reflect function, not timing, OPENSIG'98. (advocates funcational decomposition of protocols)

Nicole Karsten-Berier, Martin Karsten, Jens Schmitt, Ralf Steinmetz, A Modular Approach to Mobile QoS Signaling— Motivation, Design & Implementation, Multimedia Tools and Applications, 22(2): 117 - 135, 2004.
Claude Castelluccia, Walid Dabbous and Sean O'Malley, Generating efficient protocol code from an abstract specification, ToN 1997. (proposes automatic code generation)

S. Singh, T. Jaakkola, and M. Jordan, Reinforcement Learning with Soft State Aggregation, NIPS 7, 1995. (not really the same "soft state" in our context :-)).

...There have been various literatures on mobile IP QoS signaling, multicast routing, and IntServ, DiffServ, traffic control (not listed here).

Created by Xiaoming Fu, July 2004; last update: Mar 2006.